Pneumatic economizer and air-injector.



PATENTED JUNE l12, 1906.

E. HOXIB. .PNIEUMATIG EcoNoMIzBR AND A1B INJEGTOR.

AIPLIOATION FILED 1720.17, 1904.

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j Mmmm @Q32 UNITED STATES PATENT onrron.

EDMUND HOXIE, OF EVERETT, MASSACHUSETTS.

l PNEUMATIC EOONNIIZER AND .AIR-lNJECJTOR.l

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 1905.

Application {ile'd December 17. 1904. Serial No. 237,259.

My invention relates to a no vel construc-4 tion of airinjectors and novel means of grouping and correlating the same.

' It further consists in novel means of rou ing nozzles of dierent lengths, wherey t e longer nozzles Ymay begin their Work later than the shorter ones for the urpose of serving to accelerate the Speedo? the air already in motion.

It further consists of novelmeans for inducing atmospheric air'for use in oil-furnaces, sand-blasts, forges, or for any purpose re uiring less than the normal pressure of the p ant to which it is attached and novel means of grouping the units in series or tandem.

It further consists of novel means of grouping or multiplying the nozzles Within a single shell or casing.

It further consists in other novel features .of construction, all as will be hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 represents a plan view of a pneumatic e'conomizer and injector embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a sectional view of Fig. 1. Fig. 8 represents a vertical sectional view of two ofthe units arranged in tandem and connected with a reducing-valve and their adjuncts.

Similar numerals o'f reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the discharge end, mouth, or nozzle of a singleunit air-injector, which swells gradually toward the inlet end 2, a portion of which is cut a'way, as at 3, to form the atmospheric-air inlet or inlets, it being evident the number of these inlets may be increased as desired. To

ythe end 2 ofthe casing is secured the head 4,

ada ted to receive the-air-inlet tube 5,Which fis s own in the present instance as having medium to enter the commingling-chamber 9 of the injector. The inlet-tube5 is of such length that the discharge end will referably terminate beyond the openings of t einlets 3 mospheric ressure through these inlets may be accomp lshed, the fluid under high presinto the commingling-chamber 9 of the injector. j The discharge end or nozzle 1 may be threaded, or the threaded portion may be on an enlargement 10 thereof, as shown in Fig. 1, or equivalent means may be employed t0` adapt the injector to be readily connected with. other units or to the connections leading to the forge or blast or other device.

In Fig. 3 two units 11 and 12 and a pressure-reducing valve 13 are shown arranged in tandem. The second or right-hand unit 12, besides having the opening 34 leading directly into it from the first unit 11, has a separate connection 14, which'opens at one end into the tube 15, leading to the group of jets in said second unit 12, and at its other end receives its air-sup ly from the pressure-supply pipe 16. The in et-port 17 or" the second unit 12 has a check-valve 18, which is pivoted at 19 to the casing, which is shouldered, as at 20,

wardly, and when the force of induction is sufficient to overcome the interior pressure tending to close the valve air under atmospheric pressure will be admitted to all of the units of the series. The reducing-valve 13 is located between the first unit 11 and the supply-pipe 21 and discharges through the pipe 16 into the pipe 14 and said lirst unit.

Another connection 22 leads from the valve 13 to the low-pressure receiver. Within the valve 13 is a plston-governcd valve 23, adapted to actuate the controlling-valve 28, which is acted uponv by the tension of' the spring 24 and by the pressure from the low-pressure receiver, Wluch normally tends to close the valve. The tension of the spring24 may be varied by adjusting the screw or threaded stem 25, which has at its outer end the wheel or finger-piece 26.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that in the construction seen in Figs. 1 and 2 the air, steam, or other Huid under pressure enters through the supply-pipe 5, thence through the group or series of ports 8 into the commingling-chamber 9 of the injecsure discharging through the. ports or jets 8 lwhich permit the motive fluid or pressure in order that the induction of air under atand recessed so as to form a seat for the check-valve 18. .This check-valve opens in- IOC tor. By reason of the location of the discharge-ports 8 slightly in advance of the inlets 3 it will be apparent that the air under pressure escaping t rough the ports 8 causes a supply of air to be drawn in through the inlets 3, which passes from the comminglingchamber 9 into the discharge-nozzle and is discharged from the latter in suiiicient volume and ressure to operate the largest forge or other c evices which are in use. i

In the construction seen in Fi 3, where two or more of these units of t e general character seen in Figs. 1 and 2 are placed in line or in tandem and the air is assed through them consecutively, it will e apparent that each succeedin unit increases the density of the air until tilre desired point of density is attained, it being ap arent that the incoming air flows through tlie pipe 2], passing the valve 13, and thence through the pi e 16 to the pipe 29 and ports 30 and 30X, w ich constitutel the discharge of the first unit, into the commingling-chamber 31, into which additional air at atmospheric pressure is drawn throu h the ports 32, which is commingled inthec amber 31. The commingled air then Hows from the mouth 33, through the passa e 34., into the commingling-chamber 35, t ence 'to the mQut 36. ln the meantime a portion ofthe air passing through the pi e 16 1s discharged through the pipe 14 into t e pipe 15 and then through the orts 37, which constitute the discharge-nozz e for the second unit; into the commingling-chamber 35, it being apparent that vthe checkvalve 18 will rise W en the induction is suHicient to lift it and admit atmospheric air to the second unit 12. The discharge-nozzles or ports 37 in the second unit are shown as being of the same length; but in those of the rst unit the discharge-nozzles 30x are shown as longer than the discharge-nozzles 30, The

discharge-nozzles 1n any of the unitsmay be made oiP uniform length or of diiierentlengths, as desired, and it is evident that the location of the longer discharge-nozzles in the end of the tube may also be varied. If a pressure reducing valve is employed, the injector discharges first into a low-pressure receiver, and the air is then passed on to the desired point of utilization.

When the consumption of air is less than the capacity of the device at full pressure, the ressure-reducing valve 13, which may be o any approved type, will, by reason of the pressure and air coming from the lowpressure receiver through the pi e 22, tend to automatically close the control ing-valve 2S, which prevents waste of compressed air, whereby the same is used with great -econonly, as is evident.

I have iound'by practical experiments that less than one-sixth of the volume of air used in the forge or points of utilization comes through the supply-tube 16, the rest being the induced atmospheric air. A direct blast of highly-compressed. air will always be below t e freezing-point when rapidly expanded to nearly atmospheric pressure as it enters the fire; but this induced air so modifies the extreme cold of the expanded air as to render it unnoticeable. 'ln the direct blast from high pressure there is also af great loss of power expended in raising the pressure above the point required for use. The economy in my device as compared with a direct blast is plainly evident. By arranging the units in series or tandem, as shown in succeeding unit taking the product of the preceding, air can be taken into a receiver or used direct at a suitable pressure *for use in oil-furnaces, sand-blasts, or 'for any purpose requiring less than the normal pressure or the plant to which they may be attached. Where a larger volume than can be supplied by a single unit is needed, excellent results are cb tained by rouping units oi 'the same size side by side. he nozzles grouped in a single outer shell or rustum, as shown, or in diien ent lengths in order that the lon er 'notities beginning their Work later than ti e shorter ones ma serve to accelerate the speed oi the air a rea y in motion. i

have found that the elongated. tubuiar form oi' the end of the casing of my injector is an important aid in the introduction oi at mospheric air.

It will oi course be understood that the pipe 14 can be extended any desired length, depending upon the number of units ernployed, and is closed at the point with respect t0 the last unit.

In all the embodiments oi my invention it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the precise manner ofi assemhiing and connecting the various parte Without de)- arting from the spirit oi my invention, and l? do not, therefore, desire to be hunted in every instance to-the ,exact construction i have herein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by het ters Patent, is-` 1. An air-injector, comprising a puraiity of units arranged in tandem, means for passing air under pressure successively from one unit tothe next in series and each unit of said series having also an independent con nection with the air-supply for increasing the speed of the air already 1n motion, and an inwardly-opening checkvalvc for the unit or units beyond the first uniti.

2. An air-injector havi'ngits units arranged in series, each comprising a comminglin chamber and an elongated discharge-mout i 'and having an inlet for air at atmospheric ressure,` a supply-pipe discharging into the rst unit, a discharge-nozzle for tne second unit of less length than the discharge-nozzle for the 'first unit, a pipe les ng from said supply-pipe to the second unit and a checkva ve for said second unit.

3. air-injector havingits units arranged in series, inlets for the induction of atmosp eric air for each 'of said units, inletsbeing provided with ing check-val and pipes `for conveying air under pressure to said units, the discharge- .nozzles of said pipes leading to said units being of dierent lengths and located slightly in advance of said inlets.

n an air-injector, a supply-pi e, a reducing-valve therein, a ipe adapte to lead motive fluidl to said rediicing valve for the pur oseA of actuating the latter, a controlling-valve actuated by said reducingvalve, a discharge-pipe leadlng from said con-l -trolling-valve,

tends, 'mingling-chamber discharges, a ipe leading rom a point intermediate said vallvel and first unit to said second unit', and a commingling` chamber in the latter into which said pipe discharges, the discha unit avlng a comlningling-chamber into Which being of ige-nozzles in said greater length arge-nozzles 1n sald second irst than the disunit.

arge-pipe leading said discharge-plpe extends, a second unit diate said valve and into which said commingling-'chamber disarges, a pipe leadinfroin a point intermeunlt to said second nnit, a ccminingling-chamber in the latter into which .valve operating auto said pipe discharges, a lurality of discharge-nozzles of different l p unit, and a check-val said engths in each Ve in said second unit matieally to permit e ingress of atmospheric air.

EDMUND HOXIE.

Witnesses PERLEY P. BosTWIeK,

EWS. 

